$107B insured losses 2025
Cat BondsShort
$107B insured nat cat losses 2025
Source: WEF
$14B maturing next 4 quarters
Cat BondsMulti
~$14B cat bonds maturing next 4 quarters
Source: IRMI
$150B uninsured govt burden
Cat BondsMulti
$150B uninsured weather-related losses on govts
Source: WEF
$20B 2026 forecast
Cat BondsLong
~$20B cat bond issuance 2026 expected
Source: CNBC
$24.8B+ 2025 issuance landmark
Cat BondsLong
$24.8B+ cat bond issuance 2025 record
Source: Artemis
$3.3B+ wildfire bonds 2025
Cat BondsLong
Wildfire cat bonds $3.3B+ in 2025 record
Source: ILSEtf
$80B H1 2025 alone
Cat BondsShort
$80B H1 2025 nat cat insured losses
Source: WEF
2.45% historical loss rate
Cat BondsMulti
Cat bond historical impairment ~2.45%
Source: ILSEtf
2025 Index +11%
Cat BondsLong
Swiss Re cat bond index +11% 2025
Source: Insurance
2026 spreads tightening
Cat BondsMulti
2026 spreads tightening - heavy issuance
Source: Insurance
African Risk Capacity
Sovereign Cat BondsMulti
ARC African Risk Capacity
Source: encyclopedia
Allianz cat bonds
Sponsor InsurersMulti
Allianz cat bond sponsor
Source: encyclopedia
Alt capital $114B record
Reinsurance CapitalLong
Alternative capital $114B record 2025
Source: encyclopedia
Amtrak cat bond
Public Cat BondsMulti
Amtrak Sandy Flood cat bond
Source: encyclopedia
Arbol parametric agri
Parametric InsuranceMulti
Arbol parametric agriculture coverage
Source: encyclopedia
Avoid concentration peaks
Cat Bond StrategyMulti
Avoid Florida hurricane concentration
Source: encyclopedia
Basis risk concern parametric
Cat BondsShort
Parametric basis risk - payout vs loss mismatch
Source: Cetex
Belize 2021 debt-for-nature
Blue BondsMulti
Belize 2021 $364M debt-for-nature swap
Source: encyclopedia
Berkshire Hathaway cat bonds
Sponsor InsurersMulti
Berkshire Hathaway sponsors
Source: encyclopedia
Biodiversity credits emerging
Biodiversity CreditsMulti
Biodiversity credits emerging asset class
Source: UNEP
Blue bonds ocean finance
Blue BondsMulti
Blue bonds for ocean conservation finance
Source: UNEP
Brookmont CAT ETF
Cat Bond ETFsMulti
Brookmont CAT ETF for retail access
Source: encyclopedia
CAF Blue LAC Bond 2025
Blue BondsMulti
CAF Blue LAC Bond issued 2025
Source: UNEP
Cali Fund 50% Indigenous
Biodiversity CreditsMulti
Cali Fund 50%+ to Indigenous Peoples
Source: UNEP
California Earthquake Authority
Public Cat BondsMulti
California Earthquake Authority cat bonds
Source: encyclopedia
California SB-253 SB-261
Climate FinanceMulti
California SB-253 SB-261 climate disclosures
Source: encyclopedia
Caribbean CCRIF facility
Sovereign Cat BondsMulti
CCRIF Caribbean Cat Risk Insurance
Source: encyclopedia
DFC US Development Finance
Debt-for-NatureMulti
DFC US Development Finance Corp guarantor
Source: encyclopedia
Debt-for-nature swaps
Debt-for-NatureMulti
Debt-for-nature swaps - reduce debt for conservation
Source: encyclopedia
Descartes Underwriting
Parametric InsuranceMulti
Descartes Underwriting parametric
Source: encyclopedia
Diversify across perils
Cat Bond StrategyMulti
Diversify across hurricane / EQ / wildfire
Source: encyclopedia
Diversify across regions
Cat Bond StrategyMulti
Diversify across US / Japan / Europe
Source: encyclopedia
EU CSRD reporting
Climate FinanceMulti
EU CSRD sustainability reporting
Source: encyclopedia
EU SFDR Article 8/9
Climate FinanceMulti
EU SFDR Article 8/9 funds
Source: encyclopedia
Earthquake parametric
Parametric InsuranceMulti
Earthquake parametric (USGS magnitude trigger)
Source: encyclopedia
Ecuador Galápagos 2023
Blue BondsMulti
Ecuador Galápagos $1.6B 2023 swap
Source: encyclopedia
Faster payout vs traditional
Parametric InsuranceLong
Parametric pays in days vs months/years
Source: encyclopedia
Fermat Capital Mgmt
Sponsor InsurersMulti
Fermat Capital Management ILS
Source: encyclopedia
FloodFlash UK SME
Parametric InsuranceMulti
FloodFlash UK SME parametric flood
Source: encyclopedia
Florida Citizens insurer
Public Cat BondsMulti
Florida Citizens insurer cat bonds
Source: encyclopedia
GFANZ Glasgow Alliance
Climate FinanceMulti
GFANZ Glasgow Financial Alliance Net Zero
Source: encyclopedia
Heat parametric heat insurance
Parametric InsuranceMulti
Parametric heat insurance emerging
Source: WEF
Hong Kong typhoon parametric
Parametric InsuranceMulti
Hong Kong typhoon parametric program
Source: encyclopedia
Hurricane 2-4x estimated loss
Cat BondsLong
Hurricane cat bonds 2-4x est loss
Source: Insurance
Hurricane Andrew origin 1992
Cat BondsMulti
Hurricane Andrew 1992 birthed cat bond market
Source: WEF
Hybrid trigger
Cat BondsMulti
Hybrid trigger combination
Source: encyclopedia
IAPB biodiversity panel
Biodiversity CreditsMulti
Int'l Advisory Panel on Biodiversity Credits
Source: encyclopedia
IBCA biodiversity credit alliance
Biodiversity CreditsMulti
IBCA Int'l Biodiversity Credit Alliance
Source: encyclopedia
ICMA Blue Bond guidance
Blue BondsMulti
ICMA Blue Bond guidance UNEP FI
Source: UNEP
ISSB IFRS S1 S2
Climate FinanceMulti
ISSB IFRS S1+S2 disclosure
Source: encyclopedia
Income equity-like returns
Cat Bond StrategyIncome
Equity-like returns from cat bonds (no event)
Source: CNBC
Indemnity trigger
Cat BondsMulti
Indemnity trigger - actual losses
Source: encyclopedia
Indonesia blue bond 2023
Blue BondsMulti
Indonesia $150M blue bond 2023
Source: encyclopedia
Industry loss trigger
Cat BondsMulti
Industry loss trigger - PCS index etc
Source: encyclopedia
Jamaica 2021 $185M first
Sovereign Cat BondsMulti
Jamaica 2021 first WB cat bond $185M
Source: WEF
Jamaica WB cat bond Hurricane Melissa
Sovereign Cat BondsMulti
Jamaica $150M WB cat bond fully triggered Oct 28 2025
Source: IRMI
LA wildfires 83% global insured 2025
Cat BondsShort
LA wildfires drove 83% US insured losses 2025
Source: WEF
LADWP $30M to $100M
Public Cat BondsMulti
LADWP California wildfire $30M to $100M
Source: WEF
LGT ILS
Sponsor InsurersMulti
LGT Insurance-linked Capital
Source: encyclopedia
Long cat bond diversifier
Cat Bond StrategyLong
Long cat bonds for portfolio diversification
Source: WEF
Mexico FONDEN sovereign
Sovereign Cat BondsMulti
Mexico FONDEN sovereign cat bond 2006
Source: encyclopedia
Modeled loss trigger
Cat BondsMulti
Modeled loss trigger - portfolio model run
Source: encyclopedia
Munich Re cat bonds
Sponsor InsurersMulti
Munich Re cat bond sponsor
Source: encyclopedia
Munich Re parametric
Parametric InsuranceMulti
Munich Re Trigger Pact parametric
Source: encyclopedia
NY MTA cat bonds
Public Cat BondsMulti
NY MTA Sandy-related cat bonds
Source: encyclopedia
Nephila Capital largest ILS
Sponsor InsurersMulti
Nephila Capital largest ILS manager
Source: encyclopedia
Net Zero Asset Owner Alliance
Climate FinanceMulti
Net Zero Asset Owner Alliance
Source: encyclopedia
Pakistan flood parametric
Parametric InsuranceMulti
Pakistan flood parametric coverage
Source: encyclopedia
Parametric pays on metric
Parametric InsuranceMulti
Parametric insurance pays on metric trigger
Source: Cetex
Parametric trigger
Cat BondsMulti
Parametric trigger - measured event metric
Source: Cetex
Philippines 2019 cat bond
Sovereign Cat BondsMulti
Philippines 2019 sovereign cat bond
Source: encyclopedia
Pioneer ILS Interval
Cat Bond ETFsMulti
Pioneer ILS Interval Fund
Source: encyclopedia
Risk premium + interest coupon
Cat BondsIncome
Coupon = risk premium + interest
Source: Cetex
SBTi Science-Based Targets
Climate FinanceMulti
Science-Based Targets initiative
Source: encyclopedia
SEADRIF Pacific Islands
Sovereign Cat BondsMulti
SEADRIF SE Asia + Pacific facility
Source: encyclopedia
SEC climate disclosure rule
Climate FinanceMulti
SEC climate disclosure rule (paused)
Source: encyclopedia
SPV bankruptcy-remote
Cat BondsMulti
SPV structure bankruptcy-remote
Source: Cetex
Schroders Capital ILS
Sponsor InsurersMulti
Schroders Capital ILS
Source: Insurance
Seychelles 2018 first $15M
Blue BondsMulti
Seychelles 2018 first sovereign blue bond $15M
Source: encyclopedia
Shake-based parametric trigger
Parametric InsuranceMulti
Shake-based parametric trigger
Source: encyclopedia
Side-cars + collateralized
Reinsurance CapitalMulti
Sidecars + collateralized RE
Source: encyclopedia
Skyline Partners parametric
Parametric InsuranceMulti
Skyline Partners parametric coverage
Source: encyclopedia
State Farm cat bonds
Sponsor InsurersMulti
State Farm cat bonds
Source: encyclopedia
Stone Ridge ILS funds
Sponsor InsurersMulti
Stone Ridge ILS funds
Source: encyclopedia
Stone Ridge SRRIX private
Cat Bond ETFsMulti
Stone Ridge SRRIX private
Source: encyclopedia
Swiss Re Global Cat Bond Index
Cat BondsMulti
Swiss Re Global Cat Bond Performance Index
Source: Insurance
Swiss Re cat bonds
Sponsor InsurersMulti
Swiss Re cat bond sponsor
Source: encyclopedia
Swiss Re corporate solutions
Parametric InsuranceMulti
Swiss Re Corporate Solutions parametric
Source: encyclopedia
TCFD disclosure framework
Climate FinanceMulti
TCFD climate disclosure framework
Source: encyclopedia
TNC Nature Conservancy
Debt-for-NatureMulti
TNC Nature Conservancy + others structure
Source: encyclopedia
Tariffs unaffected April 2025
Cat Bond StrategyLong
April 2025 tariff selloff didn't affect cat bonds
Source: Insurance
Texas Windstorm Insurance
Public Cat BondsMulti
Texas Windstorm Insurance Assn
Source: encyclopedia
Travelers cat bonds
Sponsor InsurersMulti
Travelers cat bond sponsor
Source: encyclopedia
Trust account collateral
Cat BondsMulti
Investor capital in trust acct
Source: Cetex
Twelve Securis ILS
Sponsor InsurersMulti
Twelve Securis ILS asset mgr
Source: Insurance
UK BNG Net Gain
Biodiversity CreditsMulti
UK BNG Biodiversity Net Gain mandate 2024
Source: encyclopedia
USAA cat bonds
Sponsor InsurersMulti
USAA frequent cat bond sponsor
Source: encyclopedia
Vs 7% IG corporates
Cat BondsLong
Cat bonds beat IG corp +7%
Source: Insurance
Wildfire risk premiums 6-8x
Cat BondsLong
Wildfire cat bonds 6-8x estimated loss prob
Source: Insurance
World Bank IBRD as issuer
Sovereign Cat BondsMulti
World Bank IBRD - main sovereign cat bond issuer
Source: encyclopedia
An encyclopedia of publicly documented strategies for education. YCAI does not recommend, endorse, or trade any of these. Not investment advice.